摘要：布朗诉教育委员会案是美国教育民主化进程中的一个具有里程碑意义的案件。它推翻了种族隔离教育的法律基础，成为少数民族争取教育平等的突破口，从此以后少数民族教育面貌发生了巨变。本文采用历史研究法和比较研究法，从少数民族教育发展的历史轨迹入手，追述了布朗案裁决后五十年来的少数民族教育平等化历程，对推动和阻碍少数民族教育平等的历史因素以及相应的改进措施进行了探讨。在此基础上，提出取消学校种族隔离仅仅是少数民族获得教育平等的一条途径，在进入21世纪的今天，追求教育成果平等，才是解决少数民族教育问题的根本方向。

本文的第一个部分是前言，主要是对教育平等的含义、教育机会平等的概念进行界定，以及阐述了美国教育平等漫长的演进过程，并提出了美国的少数民族教育平等问题一直是其难以解决的难题和目前关于此问题的研究现状。

第二部分可以包含第一章，主要是通过对布朗诉教育委员会案件的法理分析和阐述其在美国教育平等化进程中的意义来说明布朗案对种族隔离教育的影响。

第三部分主要包括第二、第三和第四这三章，主要是介绍了布朗案后，少数民族教育机会平等发展的历程，从最初的艰难启动，到深入发展，直至最终的教育成果平等时期的到来。而在此过程中主要是通过布朗案对公立学校带来的冲击以及各项教育平等成果的演进这两个角度来对其问题进行阐述的。

第四部分主要是说明美国教育平等化所带来的启示。这些启示主要是通过教育平等的追求过程、追求教育平等的力量来源、教育立法和平等和自由的悖论这四个视角来分析的。

关键词：美国；布朗案；教育平等

Abstract: Brown v. Board of Education is in the process of democratization of American education a landmark case. It overturned the legal basis for apartheid education, becoming a minority fighting for equal educational breakthrough, then on minority education has undergone a sea change. In this paper, historical research and comparative study, starting from the historical trajectory of the development of minority education, recalled the ruling fifty years after Brown v. Board of Education of equality of ethnic history, and hinder the promotion of equality of minority education historical factors and the corresponding the improvements were discussed. On this basis, proposed to abolish school segregation is only one way minorities equal access to education, in the 21st century, the pursuit of equality of educational outcomes, is to solve the fundamental direction of minority education.

 The first part of this article is the preface, mainly on the meaning of equality in education, the concept of equal educational opportunities to define and to describe the evolution of American education equality lengthy process, and made a minority educational equality has been the United States, its difficult to solve the problem and present status of research on this issue.

 The second part of the first chapter may contain, mainly through legal analysis of the Brown v. Board of Education case and explained the significance of the impact of equality in the United States is in the process of education Brown case of apartheid education.

 The fourth part is a revelation of American education equality brought. These revelations are mainly the pursuit of equality through education course, the pursuit of equal education a source of strength, the paradox of education legislation and equality and freedom of the four perspective to the analysis.

 Keywords: United States; Brown case; educational equality

（刘晓鹏，河北师范大学硕士学位论文）