中小学教师继续教育的现状、问题及对策分析

—对山东省部分地区中小学教师继续教育的调查与分析

中文摘要：建设高质量的师资队伍，是全面推进素质教育的基本保证。因此要抓好中小学阶段基础教育，全面推进素质教育，就必须提高中小学教师队伍素质。作为教师教育的重要组成部分和具有战略意义的重大工程，中小学教师继续教育是切实提升教师队伍素质的有效手段，同时也是当今师资队伍建设中的重中之重。

    从国外教师培训工作来看，教师继续教育在西方发达国家已经制度化、法制化。当前，我国面向21世纪的中小学教师继续教育工程己进入全面实施阶段。然而，其中却存在诸多巫待解决的问题。这些问题突出地表现为:观念认识狭隘，片面化、单纯技能化认识较为普遍;教育模式僵化、单一，难以满足广大教师多层次、多样化需求;课程设置陈旧、程式化，与中小学课程、教学相去甚远，难以学以致用;教师授课理论性强、随意性大、方法过于单一，课堂教学效率低下;考试、考查不够严肃、科学，不能真正起到评价甄别的作用;受训教师精神、经济负担沉重，积极性主动性受挫等。

    本文通过发放问卷，对全省部分地区93 0名中小学教师接受继续教一育的情况作了全面地调查，对回收的870份有效问卷进行了描述统计和推断统计，对上述问题逐一进行了深入剖析。在此基础上本文提出了相应的对策分析:更新教师继续教育观念，端正教师继续教育认识;改变传统的继续教育模式，增加办学主体多样性和办学的开放化，从而调动教师的积极性和主动性;以基础教育课程改革为契机，根据不同层级教师的要求，合理设计继续教育课程内容;切实提高继续教育教师(培训者)的素质水平，教学过程中倡试多种教学方法的合理组合，以提高继续教育的优效性;以效果为指标，建立合理的评价体系，增强继续教育评价的科学化、规范化;根据不同地区经济水平状况，建立费用三级分担体制，切实减轻教师经济负担。

    本文所作的对策分析可供有关继续教育部门参考，以全面实施中小学教师继续教育工程，切实提高中小学教师的素质，从而全面推进素质教育。同时也可以给广大的中小学教师以借鉴指导，以便能更好地处理本职工作和接受继续教育的关系，努力提升自己的素质和水平，跟上知识经济社会的步伐。

关键词:教师继续教育校本培训骨干教师培训现代远程教育；基础教育课程改革

Abstract：A team of high qualified teachers is the basic condition for the promotion of quality education. In order to improve the school education at these schools and promote the quality education thoroughly, it is also necessary for us to fulfill the project of the training, especially the further education for teachers from primary schools and high schools. This is a great project with strategic importance and also the most important part in the project of teachers training today.

    As an important part of teachers' education, the further education for teachers at high school and primary school is an effective way of improving the quality of the staff of teachers and the key point of promoting quality education thoroughly. Nowadays, the project of 21 S` century oriented further education for teachers at high school and primary school has been put into practice thoroughly. However, it is also an undoubted fact that there are still many urgent problems in this project to be solved. With the help of an investigation of the teachers who are teaching at high school and primary school in parts of the whole province, with the help of the first-hand statistics, the writer makes an analysis of many subjects such as these teachers' attitude to further education, the pattern, quality and evaluation of further education, the questions of what to teach and how to teach, the payment of the fee for training and so on. This paper also suggests appropriate countermeasures as the following. The teacher's attitude towards further education should be renewed and put into a correct position. The traditional mode for further education should be changed and things should be done to make the operational subject of further education more diversified and open. A purpose system should be constructed for different levels and different purposes so that the further education could be aimed at more directly and efficiently. Also with the development of the curriculum reform for fundamental education, the curriculums of further education should be arranged properly and scientifically so as to make the curriculums more proper for the subjects teaching and easy to be applied. In addition, the teachers (trainers) for further education could be more qualified and should try the properly organized teaching methods while teaching. As for the evaluation of the further education, things must be done to make it more scientific and standard. Finally, in order to reduce the teachers' burden of the fee, a three-level burden system should be constructed in accordance with the economic conditions of different areas.

    The countermeasures suggested in this paper could offer references to the relative departments for further education. The countermeasures are aimed at promoting the project of further education for the teachers at primary schools and high schools. And it will help improve these teachers' quality and promote the quality education thoroughly. At the same time, this will offer them references and guidance so that they could do well in both their daily work and further education, which will help them improve their own quality and teaching skills so as to keep up with the pace of the knowledge economy oriented society)

Key words: teachers' further education, school-based training, key teachers training, modern distant education, fundamental education curriculum reform

来源：王书敬 山东师范大学教育管理专业学位论文