初中校长领导行为与教师组织承诺的关系研究
——以延吉市为例
摘要：20世纪八九十年代以来，随着技术改革和社会发展速度的加快，校长专业化进程的促进，人们越来越重视中学校长领导行为的相关研究。由于社会不定因素的增加，静态的教育环境也开始转变成动态的教育环境，简单的教育环境也转变成复杂的教育环境。学校校长作为决定学校效率旳主要因素之一，校长的决策和领导行为能否驾驭这种不确定的环境显得尤为重要。而我国自20世纪末以来教育改革中一个重要的特征就是教育行政权不断下放，“扩大学校办学自主权”不断被加强，在这样的背景下，校长的领导行为关系着学校的命运，加强对校长领导行为的研究具有更大的现实意义和时代意义。
校长是一个学校的领航者，其领导行为会给学校带来不同的影响；教师是校长领导行为的践行者，也是学校的主体，教师对学校的组织承诺水平会影响其对学校价值观的认同，努力意愿的程度，以及是否愿意继续为之努力的意愿。
本文以俄亥俄州立大学二维构面理论、教师职业生涯阶段理论、马斯洛需要层次理论、组织承诺理论等相关理论为依据，釆用文献法、调查法与统计分析法相结合，对延吉市四所中学进行校长领导行为与教师组织承诺水平的调查，在此基础上，进行两者的相关和回归分析，得出以下结论：
1、延吉市初中校长更关心教师工作完成的情况,对于教师的关心体谅行为相对较少；
2、不同群体的教师对于校长领导行为的感知有差异；
3、延吉市初中教师对于学校的承诺水平一般；
4、不同群体教师的组织承诺水平有差异；
5、校长领导行为与教师的组织承诺水平呈显著正相关关系；
6、校长的领导行为对于教师的组织承诺水平有很好的预测作用。
针对研究结论,提出以下建议：
1、校长要突出管理的人文关怀性；
2、校长针对不同群体老师釆取不同的领导行为；
3、校长要釆取分布式领导，让普通教师参与学校管理；
4、开展关于教师自我管理、心理疏导的讲座,丰富讲座模式；
5、学校为教师提供实现自我的平台。
关键词:初中；校长领导行为；教师组织承诺；感知度；关系
Abstract：Since the 1980s, with the rapidly developing of the technical and social, more and more people began to notice the importance of the research of the principles. There are more and more unsteadily factors in this society. And the education environment change from steady to dynamic. The education environment became to more complicate. In this situation, as one of major factors that decide the efficiency of the school headmaster decision-making and leadership behavior of principal can rein in this uncertain environment is particularly important. In the end of the 20th century, the executive power had been devolved in our country. It strengthened the school running autonomy. So the principles' behaviors will decide the fate of the schools. There are more practical and timing meanings to do the researcher about the principals.
The principals are the leaders of the schools. His/her behaviors well affect the schools. The teachers are the actors of the principals' behaviors. The teachers' organizational commitments will affect their values, their wills and their commitments.
This article based on the 2 dimensions theory of Ohio state university, the teachers career phases theory, Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, the organizational commitment theory and some related theories. By using literature method, survey method and statistical analysis method, take four senior high schools as the subjects. And do the correlation and regression analysis. The conclusions are as follow:
1、the principles pay more attentions on the completions of the job more than the teachers;
2、teacher of different groups have different feelings about the principles' behaviors
3、the teachers' commitments is not really well
4、the commitments of different groups are different
5、the principles' behaviors has relationships with the teachers'commitments
6、the principles' behaviors can predict the teachers' commitments
Based on the conclusions, the suggestions are as follow:
1、the principles should pay more attentions on the teachers;
2、the principles should use different ways to different teachers;
3、The principles' should let the teachers to take part in the controlling of the schools;
4、conduct some more lectures;
5、provide the implementation platform of the teachers.
Key words: junior high schools; principals, behaviors; teachers' organizational commitments; perception; relationship
（郭晴 教育学原理专业延边大学师范学院硕士学位论文）