角色理论视角下的中学校长培训课程研究

摘要：校长是学校的灵魂，是一所学校发展、创新的保障。面对复杂的社会、学校环境，校长要不断提高自身专业水平，从而保障学校的办学质量。校长培训在校长自身发展方面尤为重要。高效、有针对性的校长培训课程的设置是培训效果的保障。我国历来重视校长培训工作，校长培训从无到有、从不规范到规范化的过程中，校长培训课程的目标更加具体，校长培训课程内容更加完善，课程实施方式更加多元，评价形式更加多样。

目前，中学校长培训课程设置虽然取得了很大的进步，但是仍然存在许多问题。角色理论所涉及的角色认知、角色冲突和角色扮演等研究，对校长培训课程有借鉴作用。同时，通过对X校长培训中心的课程设置与校长需求的调查对比，找出中学校长培训课程在课程目标、课程内容、课程实施、课程评价等方面存在的问题。从角色理论的视角分析校长培训课程存在问题的原因，并基于角色理论对校长培训课程的设置提出相关对策。对我国校长培训课程的目标定位、内容制定、实施方式、评价形式等提供有效借鉴。

调查结果表明，校长培训课程存在课程内容重标准轻个性，课程实施重形式轻效果，课程评价看重结果轻过程和发展，课程目标重宏观轻微观等问题。基于角色理论的分析得出校长培训课程的改进策略，包括在对校长角色所处环境分析的基础上，提出了校长三维角色定位，明确校长培训课程设置;分析校长成长过程中角色冲突的基础上，设置有针对性的课程内容;从校长角色的扮演能力为落脚点，提高校长的课程实施和课程评价的有效性。一方面，可以使中学校长培训课程更具有针对性、实效性;另一方面，在复杂的社会环境中，校长可以不断实现完善自我，理清角色丛、处理角色冲突，更好地完成角色扮演。

关键词：角色理论；校长；培训课程

总结：1、本文主要分为四个部分。第一个部分阐述了校长培训课程的研究现状文献综述、通过综述选取校长培训课程的角色理论视角。

2、第二部分对角色理论和校长培训课程的理论探讨，详细的介绍角色理论、校长培训课程内容以及两者之间的关系。

3、第三部分：通过个案调查，了解X校长培训中心的课程设置。同时通过问卷、访谈等方法，调查任职资格培训、提高培训、高级研修三类校长的校长角色认知、课程需求。

4、第四部分则是通过对第三部分的调查，分析现阶段校长培训中心存在的问题以及原因。与此同时，第五部分则针对上述存在的问题，提出相关的对策。

Abstract: School principals are the soul of schools, the endurance for schools' development and innovation. Face to the complicated society, school principals need to improve his professional level constantly, which can guarantee teaching. Principles training are very important to principles' growth. What is more, high efficient and niche targeting principle training curriculum guarantee training effect. Our country has been made a point of principles training. In the process of normalization, the principles training curriculum object becomes more concrete; training curriculum content becomes much more perfect; course's actualize becomes more diverse and the curriculum evaluate form becomes more divers.

Currently, although the principal training curriculum setting has obtained are makeable progress, secondary school principle training setting still has many problems. Role theory involves in many research, such as role impact, role conflict, role play etc., which are the mirror of principle training curriculum. Forth more compare curriculum setting in X principle training center with the investigation of principles' needs, we can find out many questions in curriculum object setting, curriculum content, curriculum actualize and curriculum evaluation etc. Use role theory to analyze the reasons of the curriculum existence questions  and based on role theory to put forward some advice which can provide some references to the target, content、actualize methods and evaluation of school principals' training curriculum in China.

Investigation result indicates that the principles training curriculum exists many

problems such as make a point of sequence in target, think highly of standard in the curriculum, think a lot of formal content actualize methods, attach importance to results in evaluation of school principles training curriculums. Based on role theory to put forward some advice which involves in some aspects as following: based on the principle environment analyzation, promote principles' three-D role, which can help us to set curriculum; based on the analyzation of role conflict, set pertinence curriculum content; with an eye on the principles' role play capacity, improve principle training curriculum actualize and curriculum evaluation much more effective. On the one hand, it can make the principles training much more pertinent and quixotic. On the other hand, principles can continuously consummate themselves, sort through role cluster, manage role impact, complete role play in the complicated social milieu.

Key words: role play; principle; training curriculum

（范雯雯教育经济与管理南京师范大学硕士学位论文）