“后大众阶段”就学形态的国际比较

胡成功

摘 要：在“后大众阶段”，美、日两国高等教育就学形态及演进态势具有不同特点：美国“横向扩大”中途停滞，“纵向延长”加速推进；日本“横向扩大”节节突破，“纵向延长”后期跟进。这与两国不同的大众化动因、教育思想、入学选拔制度、学籍制度、人力资源管理制度、应对适龄人口下降的举措等密切相关。在可以预见的时段里，我国很有可能是“横向扩大”快速增长“，纵向延长”缓慢跟进“。横向扩大”一方独大不利于“学习社会”的建立，必须大力推进“纵向延长”，走出一条符合我国国情的发展道路。

关键词：高等教育；后大众阶段；就学形态

作者简介：胡成功，长江大学大学发展研究院研究员 （湖北荆州434023）

The International Comparison of Schooling Form in Post-massification Stage

Hu Chenggong

Abstract：In the "post-massification stage"，the characteristics of schooling form and evolution situation of higher education in America and Japan are different. The horizontal expansion has stopped halfway and the vertical extension has sped up in America. However，the horizontal expansion in Japan has achieved breakthroughs successively and the vertical extension has followed up. The reasons why there are differences between the two countries mainly lie in the motivation of massification，educational thought，selective system of students enrollment，school registration system，human resource management system and the different measures responding to the decline of school-age population. In the foreseeable future in China，the horizontal expansion would be likely to increase fast and the vertical expansion would be following up slowly. It is not beneficial to establish a learning society only with the horizontal expansion，therefore，China must develop the vertical extension to get a way according with its national situation.

Key words：higher education，post-massification stage，schooling form

Author：Hu Chenggong，senior researcher of Research Institute for University Development，Yangtze University（Jingzhou 434023）

出处：《教育研究》2013年第2期

搜集人：王燕