普通高校如何正视老年教育
杜作润
摘要：人口老龄化与老年教育的问题，是我国社会必须面对的重要问题，特别是老年教育，我们的普通高校应当特别正视。本文除吁请注意人口老龄化的大趋势之外，其他的讨论旨在克服隔离、课程建设、社会立法等方面为我国普通高校献言，同时也畅想了一下我国老年教育的愿景。
关键词：普通高校;老年教育;终身教育;未来发展
作者简介：杜作润，复旦大学高等教育研究所（上海200033)
总结：1、人口老龄化，是指在总体人口年龄结构中，老年人口比例增大的一种趋势。人口老龄化应视为人类社会进步的成就之一。我国1999年形成老年型国家，特点为老龄人口规模巨大，上升速度快。我国当前老年教育的需求和供给之间差距还很大。
2、上海地区现在已经有十所高校里有老年大学，其中，文娱、体育和保健类课程特别受到青睐。但在这些老年大学里基本没有普通大学里的科学课程、人文课程。老年人群对于现代科技、人文素养的不足，可能会导致其越来越难适应社会，从而被持续边缘化，无法如愿以偿地参与社会。要完成老年教育课程设计和质量提升，需要普通高校里的高教研究力量参与。
3、普通高校课堂，要有老年人。我们应鼓励普通大学生与退休市民之间的联系，只有新老交会、共识是非，才能去伪存真、共同发展。否则两个课堂互相分割，年轻人和老年人这两类人互不往来，就会形成两代人之间的“代沟”。
4、应理顺组织机构关系。作者建议：我国普通高校的老年教育与其他教育同等地归属校园网络，顺理成章地放在成人教育学院内，或名正言顺地称之为老年教育学院，而不是孤独地处在大学边缘。
5、我们的法制应当统筹社会的相关文化措施，发挥老年教育的功能。
6、在老年教育这块沃土上，我们可以进行一系列的教育观察和试验。老年教育，旨在鼓励人们独立、自主，追求正当的快乐，体味人生的意义，发展个人的思想和智慧。这种无功利的教育，恰是社会的未来发展之光，非常值得普通高校关注。
How to Address the Development of Education for the Elderly: The Choices of Higher Education Institutions in China
DU Zuo-run
Abstract: Population ageing and education for the elderly are two problems that China needs to deal with. Higher education institutions in China should attach great importance to the latter. The article calls for concern over the trend of population ageing, puts forward some suggestions on curriculum development and legislation, and outlines a grand vision for education for the elderly in China.
Key words: Higher Education Institutions, Education for the Elderly, Life-long Education, Future Development
Authors：DU Zuo-run, Institute of Higher Education, Fujian University (Shanghai 200433, China)
Summary：1. Population ageing is a trend that the old proportion gets larger in the overall population age structure. We should see population ageing as one of the progresses the human society made. China became a country of ageing population in 1999, featuring large scale of aging population and high speed of increase. There is still a wide gap between the demand and supply of education for the elderly in our country.
2. Ten universities in Shanghai has built college for the elderly inside, and among all the classed provided, the top three popular categories are entertainment, sports and health care. But courses of science and humanities are absent in those colleges. Lack of modern science and humanity attainment may cause more and more difficulties for the elderly to adjust to the society, which made them increasingly marginalized and can’t participate in society as they wish. If we are to fulfill the course design and quality improvement for the elderly education, the participation of higher education research strength is necessary.
3. We should allow the old to join the normal college classroom. The link between college students and retired people should be encouraged, because we couldn’t winnow truth from falsehood or accomplish common development unless we allow the young and old to communicate with each other and recognize right or wrong together. Otherwise, the two classes are separated and the young and old are isolated from each other, which will form the “gap” between the two generations.
4. We should make the relationship of organizations and institutions nice and clear. The author suggests that, education for the elderly within universities should belong to the campus framework equally to other educations, affiliated with adult education college naturally, or called the elderly education college with official permission instead of being marginalized in the university.
5. Our legal system should plan the relevant cultural measures of society as a whole and make the elderly education function well.
6. We could carry out a series of education observations and experiments on the field of education for the elderly. It aims at encouraging people’s independence, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, help them savor the meaning of life and develop individual thoughts and wisdom. This kind of non-profit education is the very light of future society development, which deserves the attention of colleges.
出处：《复旦教育论坛》2013年第11卷第2期
搜集&翻译：王燕