教育家办学机制研究
摘要：自从温家宝总理提出“让教育家办学”之后，引发了各界的思考和讨论。这说明我们目前的办学现状偏离了教育家办学的轨道，我们要使教育回归本源，促成教育家办学的局面。研究教育家办学机制成为必要，“教育家办学机制”是指教育家办学局面形成所需要的内外部环境支持条件，政府与社会所设计的政策保障、组织举措与环境支持。
本研究采用质性历史研究方法，以教育家大批涌现的民国时期为背景，以教育家张伯菩、经亨颐为例，对有关张伯苓、经亨颐两人的生平、成长、思想的文献进行整理、分析，通过归纳两人的成长和办学实践，主要研究了“教育家的成长历程”、“教育家的办学实践”、“教育家的办学机制”三个方面的内容，核心解决两个问题：1、影响教育家成长的因素有哪些？2、如何促进教育家的成长和教育家办学格局的形成?本研究的创新之处在于不仅仅着眼于教育家的生平、思想，而是在民国时代涌现教育家的一般规律的分析上，揭示教育家办学的规律性，进而从一般性方面来探讨教育家办学的规律和基本趋势，并给予当代促成教育家办学的局面以启示。
通过对张伯菩、经亨颐两人成长为教育家的整个历程进行分析，发现促成教育家成长的因素主要有：1、相对宽松的思想氛围和办学自主权；2、高尚的品性和崇高的追求；3、潜移默化的教育和环境影响；4、丰富的从教经历和办学实践。一个办学者之所以能够形成自己的办学理念，成长为教育家，是由这些内外因素共同作用的结果。
通过对张伯菩、经亨颐两人办学实践的研究，两人都有坚持教育独立的愿望，都注意营造民主的办学氛围，都严格对教师的招聘、选拔、培养，都注意道德教育、体育教育并提升学生的综合素质。两人的办学理念是在长期的办学实践中逐步形成的，契合了之前对教育家成长因素的分析，两人对教育的理解反过来又验证了影响教育家成长的因素。
文章最后在前文归纳、分析的基础上，提出了促进教育家成长和办学格局形成的建议：1、营造宽松氛围，解放办学者思想；2、建立现代学校制度，确保学校办学自主权；3、增加教育投入，使校长在办学实践中有充足的经费保证；4，畅通选拔渠道，严格校长选拔标准和程序；5、创设条件，支持校长专业成长；6，办学者严格要求自己，养成高尚的品性。笔者认为这些建议不能够是孤零零的，而应该相互配合，使之发挥最大效应。
关键词：教育家；成长；办学机制；校长
总结：1、本文可以分为。第一部分是绪论，主要是介绍本篇论文选题的目的、选题的意义、国内外相关研究的文献综述、研究思路和方法等几方面的内容。
2、第二部分则是以教育家大批涌现的民国时期为背景，以教育家张伯菩、经亨颐为例，对两人的生平、成长、思想的文献进行整理、分析，通过归纳两人的成长和办学实践，主要研究了“教育家的成长历程”、“教育家的办学实践”、“教育家的办学机制”三个方面的内容。
3、第三部分通过对张伯菩、经亨颐两人办学实践的研究，探索两人的办学理念，从而得出两人身上的特质契合了之前对教育家成长因素的分析，两人对教育的理解反过来又验证了影响教育家成长的因素。
4、第四部分则是提出了促进教育家成长和办学格局形成的建议：（1）营造宽松氛围，解放办学者思想；（2）建立现代学校制度，确保学校办学自主权；（3）增加教育投入，使校长在办学实践中有充足的经费保证；（4）畅通选拔渠道，严格校长选拔标准和程序；（5）创设条件，支持校长专业成长；（6）办学者严格要求自己，养成高尚的品性。笔者认为这些建议不能够是孤零零的，而应该相互配合，使之发挥最大效应。
Abstract: After Prime Minister Wen's wise policy that "Let the educationist guide the education", it causes great affection on the whole society. It shows our present education situation is not on the lines of Educationist's guidance, we should make some contribution to the whole education being the guidance of the Educationist, making education to the root itself. It is very necessary for doing the researching on the Educationist's guidance. The meaning of "the system of educationist's guidance" is the supporting form both outside and inner's environment, kinds of assurance policies, various actions from not only the government but the whole society.
This essay is based on the history researching method, in the background of Minguo which is a period with millions of outstanding educationists; take two famous educationists of Boling Zhang and Hengyi Jing as the examples. Take these two glory educationist essays, books history background, teaching methods, and make the mainly focus on the "the growing of the educationist" "the practice of educationist's guidance" "the system of educationist's guidance", then we can make the conclusion as following: 1. what is the factor to influence the educationist's growing. 2. how to make the promotion for the educationist himself, and how the educationist's guidance came up. The flashy point of this essay is it is not only focus on the educationist's life, his mind, but on the analysis of all the educationists in the period of Minguo, and the regularity of educationist's guidance. In this way, it can be obvious show the nature rules and the trends for educationist's guidance, and then make it more meaningful on the whole education in the later systems.
With the researching the life of Boling Zhang and Hengyi Jing, the factors for their growing going: 1.A free atmosphere and autonomous right of education. 2. Educationist himself' s good character and glories virtue. 3.With the influence of the reach and colorful culture and education.4. Experience on the teaching and education. All these factors above working together inner and outside, lead one has his own opinion for the education, growing to be the educationist.
In the researching education practice of Boling Zhang and Hengyi Jing, they have something in common: the independent of education itself, the atmosphere of self- controlling education, strict to in the processing of hiring the teachers, improving all the aspects of the students. Their theory is in shape in the period of long time teaching program, this theory is agreed and also make great influence on the theory of the parents in the education.
In the end of the essay, it gives some suggestion of the educationist's growing and more powerful policy on the education:1.Supporting good and free atmosphere both on the physical and mind.2.Establishing a modern school system to ensure the schools autonomy. 3.More fees to the education make the principal's work with rated to the money more easily. 4.Making more and effective ways for hiring principal. 5. Building the modern school systems, make sure the principal's right for self-control. 6. The school maker should be strict to himself, try the best to be a truly educationist. The writer think this suggestion should be work together, only in this way, this system can make the best for education.
Key words: Educationist; Growing; Education system; Principal
（栾树清教育经济与管理专业上海师范大学硕士学位论文）