我国综合高中发展的现实问题与路径选择
刘丽群
摘 要：目前，我国综合高中的改革面临发展定位不清晰、课程内容不综合、评价制度不配套等诸多现实问题。借鉴国际综合高中有关政策制定、目标定位、课程设置及制度创新的成功做法，我国综合高中的发展需要国家层面积极做好顶层设计并推进制度创新；地方层面需要做好区域统筹、实行合并重组并加强校际合作；学校层面需要加强课程综合，实行多样选择，实现自然分流。
关键词：综合高中；顶层设计；区域统筹；校际合作
总结：1、综合高中是区别于普通高中和职业高中的一种独特的学校类型，这类学校对所在地区的所有学生开放，并同时提供大学预科课程、职业课程和普通课程供学生选择，学生通过选择不同课程实现校内自然分流。
2、国外综合高中主要致力于满足现代民主社会的教育需求，而我国的综合高中是职业高中、薄弱普通高中摆脱生存困境的权宜之计。目前我国并未设置相对独立的、专门针对综合高中培养目标的课程体系，我国现有的考试评价制度也没有对综合高中进行针对性的考虑和单独的制度安排。
3、我国综合高中的改革与发展需要从国家到地方到学校的三方联动，需要从观念到制度到政策的协同创新，需要从目标到课程到教材的专门设计。虽然当前综合高中已成为世界高中教育发展的主流和普遍趋势，但这并不意味着我国要迅速全面开展高中综合化运动。我们的着眼点应放在如何既借鉴国际经验又立足本国国情、既积极推进又不急于全面铺开、即有国家的政策引导又有地方的实践创新上。
Realistic Predicament and Path Choice of the Development of Comprehensive High School in China
Liu Liqun
Abstract： At present，there are some realistic problems in the reform of comprehensive high school in China such as unclear orientation of development，incomprehensive curriculum content，improper evaluation system，etc. Policy establishment，object orientation，curriculum setting-up and system innovation are the successful measures in the development of comprehensive high school in the world. Therefore，drawing lessons from the successful experiences abroad，the central government should carry out top-level design program actively and promote system innovation. The local authorities should carry out regional overall planning，combination and reorganization，and strengthen inter-school cooperation. The schools should strengthen the comprehensive curriculum，carry out multiple choice and realize stratification naturally.
Key words： comprehensive high school，top-level design，regional overall planning，inter-school cooperation
Summary：1. Comprehensive high school is a distinctive type of school which is different from ordinary high school and vocational high school. It’s opened for all the students in the area, providing university foundation courses, vocational courses and general courses at the same time thus the students could realize stratification naturally via choosing different courses.
2. Comprehensive high school abroad mainly focuses on satisfying the educational need of modern democratic society, but that of our country is just an expediency of vocational high school and weak ordinary high school to get rid of survival dilemma. At present we don’t have an independent and specified curriculum designed for comprehensive high school training objectives, and our existing examination and evaluation system doesn’t take comprehensive high school into separated consideration either.
3. The reform and development of comprehensive high school in our country requires the tripartite linkage of the central government, the local authorities and the schools, requires the collaborative innovation of concept, system and policies, requires the specific design of target, curriculum and the teaching materials. The fact that comprehensive high school has become a trend in the whole world doesn’t mean we have to carry out high school integration movement very fast. We should pay attention to learning from international experience as well as basing on national conditions, promoting actively but not irritably, leading by the country’s policy as well as innovation in local practice.
出处：《教育研究》2013年第6期
搜集&翻译：王燕