教师职业道德与教师心理健康的关系研究
摘 要:关注未成年人的思想道德建设,首先要关注成年人的思想道德建设,尤其是以育人为职业的教师。应该说,多年来,广大中小学教师在教学岗位上辛勤育人,为祖国的社会主义教育事业做出了贡献,也涌现了一批忠于党的教育事业的师德典型。然而师德现状却不容乐观,在岗不爱岗、教书不育人、为人师而无表率作用、师生关系不平等等有违师德规范的教师不在少数。其实,师德中存在的行为问题许多是心理问题。
师德和心理是密不可分的。师德,是社会赋予教师的一份职业要求,它必须通过教师的内化才能完成。只有良好的心理,才能形成良好的师德。一种不健康的心理不可能成为师德规范内化的土壤。教师的消沉自卑、郁闷焦躁、怨天尤人、厌恶学生、喜怒无常、虚荣猜忌、冷漠无情等负性心理直接表现出师德的缺失。开展教师心理卫生的研究,对于提高教师心理健康的水平,促进教师健康人格的发展,从而提升教师职业道德具有十分重要的意义。
关键词:教师职业道德;教师心理健康
总 结:师德,作为教师职业的从业人员所应该具有的一种道德规范由知、情、意、行四个基本部分组成。《中小学教师职业道德规范》规定的师德规范是:依法执教,爱岗敬业,热爱学生,严谨治学,团结协作,尊重家长,廉洁从教,人为师表。但这些条文仅仅是外在的、见诸文字的东西,至于教师是否能够自觉自愿而不是强制违心地、全面而不是顾此失彼地、习惯成自然而不是一暴十寒地执行这些行为规范,起主导作用的还是对这些规范的道德认识。而关键中之关键是树立正确的教育观、学生观、质量观、人生观、职业观、师生观。
古往今来,人人都向往和追求幸福。有的以追求财富为幸福,有的以追求权利为幸福,有的以追求家庭美满为幸福,有的以展现自我、实现人生价值为幸福,许多伟人则以为人类谋求幸福为幸福⋯⋯教师也是人,也会七情六欲,也会产生各种各样的需要,也会向往各种各样的幸福,假如得不到自己所需要的,也会和别人一样产生不满、痛苦、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖甚至绝望等不良情绪,这些不良情绪也会影响心理健康。但是教师的角色身份决定了我们不仅是一个社会人,而且是为人师表的典范,是以教书育人为天职的知识分子,因此教师应该树立起更为高尚、更为深远、更为圣洁的人生观、世界观和幸福观,这可以帮助我们摆脱许多烦恼和痛苦,在教育教学的神圣岗位上修身立德,战胜各种情绪困扰,构建起幸福的心灵大厦。因此我们说,教师的职业道德水准不同,引起的心理体验也是有所不同的,导致的心理健康状况也会有所差异。换言之,教师要提高自己的心理健康水平,途径之一就是设法提高自己的职业道德素养。
Abstract: To pay close attention to peoples thoughts morality construction under age, at first we should show solicitude for adults thinking ethics construction especially for teachers most of the middle and primary schools teachers are working industriously, and they have contributed for socialist educational undertakings a lot, and emerged large numbers of models. However it is not optimistic for teachers’ morals that some teachers do not like their jobs. They only care for teaching students in the classroom but not educate their students. Some teachers even did not do good examples for their students. In some schools the relationship between teachers and students is unequal. In fact, the problems about teachers’ morality are in mind.
Teacher’s morals and mentality are related. Teachers ethics is a professional requirement, it must self-examine through teasers themselves. Only there is a good mind to take shape for their moral. It is impossible for self-examination teachers’ model if teachers mind is unhealthy. The teachers who are low—spirited and self abased, depressed and irritable, blaming god, abomination pupils, subject to changing moods, unfeeling incomplete ethics.
The study to research teachers’ mental health for enhancing the level of teachers’ mental health, promotion healthy personality development, advancing the level of teacher morality is very important.
Key words: teachers’ professional morality; teachers’ mental healthy
(江茹 华中师范大学硕士研究生学位论文)