摘要：“民为邦本、本固邦宁，农为民本、本固民安”。这句古话深刻说明了对农民实施培养的社会重要性。目前，我国正处于农村全面小康社会建设和新农村建设的关键时期，农民是农村社会乃至全社会建设的主体，其素质的高低直接关系到建设的进程问题。本文以人才培养为逻辑线索，在理论上构建了新型农民培养模式的分析框架，通过实践调查分析了新型农民培养的实际情况，并针对实践中存在的一些主要问题提出了相应的对策。

论文共分为九章。第一章阐明了本文研究的背景、目的和意义;综述了国内外关于农民培养问题的研究动态;梳理出本文研究的基本框架:并对新型农民培养模式进行了界定，认为主要是一种广义的理解，包含了新型农民的培养对象、培养目标、培养方式和培养体系等内容。第二章论述了新型农民培养的理论基础，首先分析了新型农民培养在新农村建设中的作用机制，然后论述了政治经济学理论、人力资本理论和教育经济学理论对新型农民培养的理论指导要求。第三章从历史角度回顾了我国古代、近代、新中国建设时期和改革开放时期四个阶段的农民培养历程，刻画出我国农民培养的历史轨迹。第四章从人才培养的角度来论述了新型农民培养模式的分析框架，认为新型农民的培养对象主要是从事农业生产经营的农民;培养总体要求是“有文化、懂技术、会经营”，根据农民所从事职业的特点，应该分层次有计划有要求地提出培养具体目标;培养途径有教育、培训、劳动力流动、卫生保健和干中学五种;培养体系包括学校教育系统、社会培养系统与企业培养系统;组织管理体系包括中央、省、地市、县、乡镇、村等六级;运行机制是动力机制、组织机制、教学运行机制、信息传导机制和经费保障机制组成的一个动态系统。第五章对新型农民培养模式进行比较，首先在总结实践基础上对新型农民培养模式进行了划分，构建了政府主导型、市场引导型和学者推动型三种总体模式及其所包含的八种具体模式，并对各种模式进行了比较分析，认为政府主导型是最主要的模式;然后通过发放问卷调查的形式，对“政府十学校十农民”模式进行了评价，认为这种模式对培养新型农民发挥了很好的作用，但也存在鱼需完善的地方。第六章以湖南省为例，从政府的视角来考察新型农民培训工作，包括湖南省新型农民培养的总体情况，以及从长沙市、常德市和怀化市来考察地方政府在新型农民培养的组织运行情况和培养实际效果，主要是论述政府做了什么。第七章主要是从村民的视角来分析新型农民培养，对农民与村干部两个层次的调查对象进行了问卷调查，主要是回答村民需要什么。第八章是对国外农民培养模式进行分析，包括东亚模式、北美模式和西欧模式，并总结出对我国新型农民培养的借鉴意义。第九章是针对调查中所发现的问题来提出完善建议，包括指导思想和具体建议两个部分的内容。

总结:本文是在吸取前人研究成果的基础上，通过理论分析和实践调查的方式对新型农民培养模式进行了研究，以下三个方面取得了一定的研究创新:一是在理论从人才培养角度提出了新型农民培养模式的分析框架，对新型农民的培养对象、培养目标、培养途径进行了较深入的分析，并结合我国实践提出了一个包含三大类八个小类的新型农民培养模式的构成体系。二是对新型农民培养体系和运行机制也进行了较深入的分析，新型农民培养体系划分为学校教育系统、社会培养系统和企业培养系统;新型农民培养的运行机制是由动力机制、组织机制、教学运行机制、信息传导机制和经费保障机构成的一个动态系统。三是通过实地调研和发放调查问卷等形式，从政府与村民(农民和村支书)两个层面多角度地分析了新型农民培养工作，回答了政府做了什么工作、农民得到了什么和还需要什么等基本问题，从而为提出完善新型农民培养模式的具体对策找到答案。

关键词：新型农民；培养模式；政府；村民

Abstract："The People are the foundation of the state, the people live in peace and enjoy their work so that the state are peaceful; the agriculture is the foundation of the people, the agriculture is kept stable so that the people is settled." This ancient saying has profoundly demonstrated the importance of the cultivation of farmers in society. At present, China is being in a critical period of the construction of a round well-off society in the rural and new rural. Farmers are the subject of building the rural community as well as the whole society, their quality is directly related to the process of building. The study takes the personnel training as a logical clue, builds a theoretical framework for a model of training new farmers, analyses the actual situation  of  cultivating  new  farmers  through  the  investigation,  and  proposes  the corresponding countermeasures against some main issues in practice.

    The study is divided into nine chapters. Chapter I sets out the backgrounds, purposes and meanings of this study; carries out an overview of domestic and international researches on the issue of farmers cultivating; teases out the basic framework of this study; and defines a model of training new farmers that is a broad concept, including objectives, goals, methods and systems of the training and so on. Chapter II discusses the theoretical basis for training new farmers. Firstly, the study analyses the mechanism of action of new farmers' training in the construction of new rural; secondly, it discusses theoretically guidance requirements of the theory of political economy, human capital theory and the theory of educational economy to the farmers' cultivating. Chapter III reviewed, from a historical perspective, the process of Chinese farmers' cultivation in the period of ancient, modern, New China's construction and the reform and opening up, depicts the historical trajectory of farmers' cultivation. Chapter IV describes, from the perspective of personnel training, an analytical framework for the model training farmers, which shows new farmers are the farmers primarily engaged in agricultural production and management; overall requirements for training are "educated well, having the knowledge of technology and operation"; according to the characteristics of farmers 'occupation, the specific training objectives should be planned to put forward at the different levels depending on the demands; five cultivating ways have education, training, labor flow, health care and studying while doing; training system is composed of the school educational system, the society and business training system; organization and management system consists of the center, province, municipality, county, township, village, etc.; operating mechanism is a dynamic system made up of the power mechanism, the organization mechanisms, the teaching operating mechanism, the information transmission mechanism and financial guarantee mechanism. Chapter V carries on comparison to the training model of new farmers. firstly, the new training model of farmers has been divided on the basis of the practice,  constructing the overall model including three kinds of the government-led, the market-led and the academic-driven as well as the eight the specific patterns, and make a comparative analysis of the various patterns, which the government-led model is the most important one; secondly, with the help of the questionnaire survey, the Government一School一farmer pattern is evaluated that this model has played a good role in training new farmers, but there are much improvement needed .Chapter VI takes the Hunan Province as an example, from the perspective of the government to examine the training of new farmers, including the overall situation of  new farmers 'training in Hunan Province, as well as the examination to the organization operations and the actual erects of new farmers 'training in local governments from Changsha city, Change city and Huaihua city, mainly elaborating what Governments have done. Chapter VII mainly analyzes the training of new farmers from the perspective of villagers. The study answers what the farmers want to need through conducting a questionnaire survey to twolevels of leaders and farmers. Chapter VIIIanalyzes foreign models of cultivating farmers, including the East Asian model, the North American model and the Western Europe model, and summed up the impact of these models on  new farmers' training in China .Chapter IX is a response to an issues found in the investigation to make a set of recommendations for the improvement, including two parts of guiding principles and specific suggestions.

Key words: new farmers; training model; government; villager

(莫鸣  2000级农业经济管理湖南农业大学博士生学位论文)