摘要：转学教育是美国两年制学院最为重要的教育职能之一。同职业教育、社区教育和补习教育相比，转学教育课程在美国两年制学院最初半个多世纪中一直是最为重要的课程，后来才逐渐走向衰退，这种衰退已引起美国各州政府和相关高等教育领导人士的高度关注。在美国社区学院发展进程中转学教育的产生发挥着重要并且关键的作用。本文在对大量中英文专著和论文查阅、分析、总结的基础上，以美国社区学院转学教育产生发展的历史背景为起点，对其产生的原因、发展的概况及效果进行了评述。在此基础上，总结美国社区学院转学教育的主要特点，以期对我国高等教育的发展有所启示。

全文共分为四个部分：

第一部分从政治、经济、社会等几个因素，回顾并总结了初级学院转学教育产生的时代背景，这些因素在促使社区学院转学教育的产生过程中发挥着不可缺少的重要作用，指出各种因素之间是相互联系、相互作用、相互渗透的。

第二部分介绍了美国社区学院转学教育从兴盛到衰败以及后来又进入一个回暖期的过程，其中重点介绍了转学教育由兴盛到衰败的主要原因。

第三部分总结了社区学院转学教育的教学模式、政府导向以及发展趋势和转学教育对于美国社区学院发展的作用。社区学院转学教育在一定历史时期发挥了其重要的作用。

第四部分通过分析我国目前高等教育制度的现状，结合美国社区学院转学教育的发展历程的优点和不足，总结出了一些经验和建议。

关键词：社区学院；转学教育；历史沿革；发展趋势；启示

Abstract: Transfer education system is one of the most important features n the United States Institute. Compared with vocational education, community education and remedial education, transfer education of two-year system in the United States has been the most important course in the first half-century. Then it was gradually sliding into recession. This recession has caused of great concern of the U.S. state governments and relevant higher education leaders. The transfer education played an important role in the development process of Community colleges in the United States. On the basis of summing up a large number of Chinese and English monographs and papers, and with the historical background of transfer education as a starting point, this thesis makes an attempt to describe its causes, the effects and an overview of the development.

On this basis of these, we summarized the main features of the U.S. community colleges’ transfer education to develop the implications for higher education of our country.

Text is divided into four parts:

The first part reviews and summarizes the historical background of the foundation of transfer education from the factors of politics, economy and so on. These factors play an important and indispensable role in making community colleges’ transfer education in the production process, and the various factors are interrelated, interacted, and mutual penetrated.

The second part describes the Transfer education of American Community Colleges’ decline from prosperity and later entered a warmer period, which focuses on the main reasons of transfer education’s decline from prosperity.

The third section summarizes the teaching mode, the government guidance, the development trends, and the effects of transfer education. It played an important role in a certain historical period of community colleges.

The fourth part analyses the current status of vocational schools, and through these the author sums up some experiences and suggestions which is for the advantages and disadvantages of transfer education in community colleges.

 Keywords: community colleges; transfer education; history; development trends; inspiration

（黄魏 教育史专业 江西师范大学硕士学位论文 2011年6月）