—中美比较研究

摘要:学校领导是学校工作的神经中枢，办好学校，关键在于学校领导。一个团队如果没有了灵魂，就势必失去了起不朽生命力的源泉，而一个学校没有了校长，就如同丧失了灵魂的松散组合体，是不可能保持其蓬勃生机的。随着经济体制改革和教育体制改革浪潮突飞猛进，对学校领导提出了新的要求和新管理理念。学校领导工作更加具体、责任更加清晰。学校领导要以学生的发展、以学生在校获得学业的最大成就为工作的最终目标，使学校领导对学生成就的影响，处处体现在课堂教学中、体现在师生交往中，体现在有组织的师生活动中，体现在学校管理决策的过程中。本论文主要探讨了学校领导对学生学业成就的影响及如何产生影响。

关键词:学校领导;学生学业;成就;变革;实践;中国;美国

    总结:本论文由四大部分组成:

    第一部分，主要阐述了论文的研究问题，对国内外相关文献进行了综述，陈

述了本课题的研究意义和研究方法。

    第二部分，从当今时代背景发展出发分析了现代学校领导的管理理念。概括

了学校领导对学生学业成就影响的必然的联系及其重要的意义。

    第三部分，主要阐述了美国有关学校领导对学生成就影响的研究。先是对校领导与学生学业成就关系进行分析，用有关的研究数据展现了影响的具体程度，进而介绍了学校领导的哪些领导职能对学生学业成就产生影响，在推行改革时如何引导积极的影响因素、避免消极的因素来提高学生的学业成就，最后强调学校领导在推进提高学生学业成就的实践中，要灵活把握、适时调整才能应时利导地把理念附之于行动。

    第四部分，回归本土的思考。在对中国学校领导、学生成就问题以简要的分

析，发现和总结一些问题。最后对我国实现学校领导对学生学业成就的策略进行

了思考。

Abstract: The leadership of school is the main part of school management .It is critical to run the school in effective and efficient way .Without soul or mind， there is no resource of immortal life. If there is no leadership in school, it is impossible to keep the whole team energetic and enthusiastic. With the rapid development of economic reform and educational system reform, the school leaders have to face the new demands and new managerial ideals. The work and responsibilities of leadership becomes more and more specific and unambiguous. The leaders works towards the final goals for the student's full development and student's achievements, the ideas of which should embody in the class，in the exchanges between the students and teachers, in the organized activities of the students and teachers，in the process of the school's managing decisions .This essay mainly conveys what and how the leaders effect on the achievement of the students.

     It is made up of four parts: 

    The first part mainly expresses the research issues, conducting a comprehensive presentation on the relative documents home and aboard and the significant and research means of this essay.

    The second part analyzes the managing ideals of modern school leadership on the basis of current development of education, including the essential connection and important significant of relationship between the leaders and the students.

    The third part focus on American research about the leadership influence on the student's achievements, first analyzing the relationship between leaders and student's achievement，using the research data to express the specific level of influence ,then introducing what responsibilities the leaders will influence on the achievement of the students and how to take advantage of active factors to improve the achievement，finally emphasizing the practice of leadership in the process of improving the students' achievement that should be inflexible and adaptable to apply the theory into the action.

    The forth part is to go back to our country's situations. Do some finding, analyze, summery on the problems which exist between school leaders and students' achievements. Furthermore, think over some strategies to realize the leaders' effective influence on students' achievements.

Key words: leadership; student's achievements; change; practice; China; America

（许敏 比较教育学专业 华东师范大学硕士研究生学位论文 2007年4月）