邓双喜，欧小军

摘要：美国少数民族高等教育政策经过了法律平等权的获得、隔离但平等的处境、政策优惠的促进、逆向歧视的申诉、融合调整的统一五个曲折而艰辛的发展历程。审视其政策发展历程，美国少数民族高等教育平等问题仍未从根本上得到解决，少数民族家庭高等教育经费支出难以保证，少数民族高等教育优惠政策推进阻力较大。构建完整的高等教育法律体系、完善的经济资助政策和提供公平的高等教育机会是美国少数民族高等教育发展的重要保证。

关键词：美国；少数民族；高等教育；教育政策

总 结：1、美国少数民族高等教育政策经过了法律平等权的获得、隔离但平等的处境、政策优惠的促进、逆向歧视的申诉、融合调整的统一五个曲折而艰辛的发展历程。

2、联邦政府少数民族高等教育政策的演变充分表明，美国的少数民族高等教育确实获得了较大的进步，但是进入 21 世纪，美国联邦少数民族高等教育政策也面临新的问题和挑战。其主要表现在：少数民族的高等教育平等问题仍未从根本上解决、少数民族家庭的高等教育经费支出难以保证以及少数民族的高等教育优惠政策推进阻力较大。

3、解决21世纪后美国联邦少数民族高等教育政策上的问题，必须要用完备的法制来保障少数民族高等教育有序发展、制定完善的经济资助政策作为少数民族高等教育发展的基础、解决公平的高等教育机会这一少数民族高等教育发展的关键问题。

Comment and Analysis is on Higher Educational Policy Development

of Ethnic Minorities in America

DENG Shuang-xi，OU Xiao-jun

Abstract：The ethnic minorities of higher education in the United States of America have developed ups and downs. The author summarized it as five stages：the right of equality in law，the situation of isolate but equality，the promotion of favorable policy，the appealing of backwards discrimination and the unity of integration adjustment. Through the policy survey of its development process，the author thought that the equality problem of the ethnic minorities of higher education in the United States of America have not been solved from its roots，the expenditure of the higher education in ethnic minorities families have no guarantee and the promotion of the favorable policies of the higher education for ethnic minorities families have no guarantee and promotion of the favorable policies of the higher education for ethnic minorities have met great resistance. The author finally proposed that the complete law system of the higher education，the complete financial assistance policy and fair higher education chance are the important guarantee for the ethnic minority higher education development in the United States of America.

Keywords：America；ethnic minority；higher education；Educational policy

出处：《湖南师范大学社会科学报》2011年第4期