论教师绩效工资政策的失真与回归

魏红梅

摘要：教师绩效工资作为一项新的制度安排，其政策目标是为提高教师的工资待遇，激励教师工作的积极性，促进教育均衡发展。然而，这一政策的执行和运作，并没有像设计者的初衷那样有效，绩效工资结果的有限性反映出绩效工资政策的失真。绩效工资政策执行过程中的偏差主要来自于经费保障的不到位以及操作层面的绩效分配的偏差。回归绩效工资的本真，应从以下四个方面着手：政府应提供政策法律保障和充足的财政支持，通过司法和行政部门推动相关教育法律法规的实施；绩效工资要努力缩小各地、各校之间相同职级教师的收入差距；绩效工资模式应趋于团队绩效模式，将个人奖励和团队奖励密切结合；确保教师绩效工资的公平性，包括分配公平和程序公平。

关键词：教师；绩效工资；绩效工资政策失真

总结：回归绩效工资的本真：

（1）    政府首先要提供政策法律保障和稳定充足的财政支持

（2）    绩效工资要努力缩小各地、各校之间相同职级教师的收入差距

（3）    绩效工资的模式应该趋于团队绩效模式，将个人奖励和团队奖励密切结合

（4）    绩效工资的价值取向应该由最初的只关注学生成绩的提高逐渐转向重视教师的专业发展和成长

（5）    确保教师绩效工资的公平性

On the Distortion and Return of Merit Pay Policy for Teachers

WEI Hong-mei

Abstract: The purpose of merit pay for teachers which is a new system arrangement is to improve the teachers’ salaries, strengthen the teachers’work motivation, and promote the balanced development of education. However, the policy has not proved as effective as the designers had imagined at the beginning after the implementation and operation. The limitation of merit pay has exposed the distortion of policy. Deviation of policy implementation has mainly resulted from the failure of money guarantee and the imbalance of distribution in operation. To get back the truth of merit pay, we can do the following four things: the government should provide the guarantee of policies and laws as well as the adequate financial support, and promote the implementation of relevant educational laws and regulations through the legal and executive departments; income gaps of teachers with the same positions and titles should be narrowed among different regions and schools; it should be the trend for the merit pay pattern to be team-oriented, combing the personal rewards and the team rewards;and fairness should be ensured including the fairness of distribution and procedures.

Key words: teachers; merit pay; policy distortion of merit pay

出处：教育理论与实践，2014年