徐莉 李春霞

摘要：女性的教育参与，体现出教育公平与社会公平的社会价值，体现出为女童发展树立榜样的教育价值，体现出女性潜能全面开发的发展价值。调查发现，乡村女教师人数在教师总数中所占比例呈上升趋势，但县镇学校女教师所占比例大，乡村屯学校女教师所占比例小；乡村女教师担任学校领导职务的人数少，即使有，也多担任学校中层干部或副职；女教师主观能动性发挥不充分；教育参与意识弱，参与能力有待提高。为提高乡村女教师的教育参与度，应当从法律、政策、社会文化以及教育资源分配等方面采取积极措施。

关键词：乡村；女教师；教育参与

总结：第一部分分析了乡村女教师人数在教师总数中所占比例呈上升趋势，但县镇学校女教师所占比例大，乡村屯学校女教师所占比例小。这种性别比例倒

错，是女性社会地位低的复制和延伸，所折射出的是城乡差别与性别公平问题。

第二部分分析了乡村女教师担任学校领导职务的人数少，即使有，也多担任学校中层干部或副职。造成这种状况的 原因，有传统的社会文化与性别刻板印象的影响，也与当前的政策、管理中的男性化术语等问题有关。

第三部分分析了女教师主观能动性发挥不充分，教育参与意识弱，参与能力有待提高。为改变乡村女教师教育参与程度不高的状况，首先应当从法律与政策上提供保障，为女教师提供充分展示才华的平台；其次,应当加强社会文化建设，消除性别刻板印象，打破传统的社会分工,为女教师发展提供良好的社会支持体系；再次，应在教育资源分配上有所倾斜，采取有效激励措施，为女教师自我解压、自主成长提供更多的机会与途径。

Educational Participation of Rural Women Teachers

Xu Li  Li Chunxia

Abstract:Educational participation is the conscious acting of the individual who not only engages in the educational activities but also has the awareness of empowerment and responsibility, and whose acting shall bring positive impacts on the educational activities engaged in. Women.s educational participation, particularly, the rural women teachers.educational participation symbolizes the social values that are reflected through educational equity and social equity. It also represents as example for young female.s future development and the values of women holistic potential in development. Our investigation shows that the percentage number of rural women teachers is on the rise, of which higher percentage is found in the town schools while low percentage is in the village schools; fewer women are in the school leadership while those who are within the leadership are actually in lower ranks or in deputy positions; the subjective initiative activeness of women teachers are not yet well spread and both their participating consciousness and participating abilities need to be elevated. To achieve this, better legislation and policies are welcome, practical measures for social culture promotions and educational resources allotments are required.

Key words: rural area; women teachers; educational participation

出处：《基础教育》2010年1月第7卷第1期