Arokiasamy Anantha Raj A. , Abdullah Abdul Ghani Kanesan bin, Ismail Aziah Binti

Abstract: School leaders are key factors in implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) in schools. They need to understand the capacities of the new technologies, to have a personal proficiency in their use, and be able to promote a school culture which encourages exploration of new techniques in teaching, learning and management. However, there is less information about the current status of ICT use by Malaysian school principals. This paper investigated the extent to which secondary school principals use computers in Malaysia and determined factors related to level of computer use by principals (cultural perceptions and leadership style of principals). Initial report also highlighted analysis of a baseline data gathered from 520 secondary school principals in the state of Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia. Findings indicate that school principals are using computers for instructional and administrative purposes and they have moderate competency in computer applications and spent a few times a week working on their computers. Also, cultural perceptions and transformational leadership contributed significantly to the level of computer use by principals. It is anticipated that the data obtained from the study will open new lines of inquiry about the crucial roles of school leaders in the adoption of ICTs and will contribute to decisions about future developmental needs because more will be known about their preparedness for change. Hence, policy makers must design professional development programs, such as leadership studies, in order to teach the components of transformational leadership; idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration to future administrators.

Keywords: Cultural perception and Malaysia; ICT; Leadership style; School principals

总 结：

1、学校领导是实施信息和通信技术（简称ICT）的关键因素。他们需要有了解新技术的能力，并且能够促进学校文化，这种文化可以鼓励新技术在教学、学习和管理上的探索。然而，目前马来西亚校长使用ICT的信息较少。

2、本文研究的是马来西亚中学校长使用计算机的程度以及其计算机使用水平的相关决定因素（具体表现为主体的文化观念和领导风格）。最初的报告还强调了对于基线数据的分析，这些数据来自于马来西亚雪兰莪州和联邦直辖区的520位中学校长。

3、结果表明，学校校长为了教学和管理目标而使用计算机，并且在计算机应用有中等能力，可以花一周几次的时间在其计算机上工作。同时，文化观念和变革型领导对于校长使用计算机水平层次的主要因素。预计从这一研究获得的数据将对在学校领导中采用信息通信技术起到关键作用，也有助于做出更符合未来发展需求的决策。

来源:Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology. Jul2014, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p27-40. 14p.