美国教师教育课程评价的策略与启示
苟顺明,王艳玲
摘要:美国通过评价来切实保障教师教育课程的质量。美国的教师教育课程评价大体可以分为教师教育机构外部专业组织开展的认证和机构内部的学生学习评价两部分。美国专业组织开展的教师教育认证由于标准的清晰性、人员的专业性、过程的规范性、结果的透明性,能够对教师教育专业及其课程起到重要的指导与监督作用。美国教师教育机构内的各门课程都非常重视对学生学习过程和结果的评价,作品评价、表现性评价和成长记录袋评价等评价策略得到广泛使用。这启发我们,应该重视对教师教育课程评价的研究并切实改进我们的评价实践。
关键词:美国;教师教育课程评价;教师教育认证;评价策略
总结:1. 美国教师教育课程评价有效地保证了教师教育活动的有效开展和师范生的培养质量。从教师教育机构外部来看,第三方专业组织定期开展的机构或专业认证严格而规范,从内部来看,各教师教育机构及各门课程的任课教师采用多样化的方式切实监控师范生的学习过程和结果。
2. 鉴于我国教师教育的背景以及教师教育课程标准的特殊性,我国可以依据课程标准,对各个教师教育机构内的所有教育类课程开展认证,或者针对具体教师教育专业(如数学教育)中的教师教育类课程开展认证。但是,在课程认证的主体,即谁来认证的问题上,都需要深入的研究和论证。
3. 在对各具体课程的评价上,我们也需要改变固有的评价方式,要将当前的评价重点从关注师范生对教育教学知识的掌握,转向师范生对实际的理解能力和教学能力上来,从促使师范生学习和能力发展的角度,开发适切的课程评价方式,并实现评价方式的多样化。评价发挥着导向、监督、调控、激励作用,我们需要不断改进评价方式和手段,切实保证教师教育课程质量,从而提高我国教师教育人才培养质量。
The Assessment of Teacher Education Curriculum in the USA
Gou Shunming ;Wang Yanling
Abstract: The United States ensures the quality of teacher education curriculum by the assessment of them. America' s teacher education curriculum assessment can be divided into two parts; one is professional organizations outside teacher education institutions to carry out the accreditation of teacher education programs or institutions,another is the students’ learning evaluation within institutions. The accreditation of professional organizations plays an important professional guidance and supervision because of the clarity of standards, the professionalism of the staff, the standardization of the process, the transparency of the results. And Each course within the American teacher education institutions have given great importance to the evaluation of students learning process and the result,diverse assessment strategies,such as products assessment, performance assessment,and the portfolio assessment arc widely used. This inspires us that we should pay attention to the research of teacher education program and curriculum assessment and improve our practice.
Key Words: the USA; assessment of teacher education curriculum; accreditation of teacher education; assessment strategies
出处:《教师教育研究》2014年3月第26卷第2期