Charlotte Silander, Ulrika Haake, Leif Lindberg

Abstract: Women are underrepresented in advanced positions in higher education in Europe. This study takes a horizontal perspective and focuses on the   relationship between gender and discipline in order to combine research on gender in higher education with theories of disciplinary differences in academic cultures. The study points out substantial differences between disciplines in gender composition, specifically, the probability of a person leaving academia after earning a doctor’s degree and various attitudes towards gender equality work. Our approach, which is based on quantitative longitudinal as well as qualitative research methods, has yielded a more complex and contradictory picture of gender equality in higher education than have vertical cross-sectional studies.

Key words: Gender equality;Horizontal analysis; Academia;Higher education; Discipline

总 结：1、高等教育中性别不平等问题屡见不鲜。瑞典和其他西方欧洲国家一样，受过高等教育的女性仍然受到不公平的待遇，虽然接受大学教育的女性和毕业的女性多于男性，但是占据高等职务的仍然以男性为主。

2、基于调查采取措施是有必要的。首先从理论上，迫切需要构建一个能够解决在学术界不同世界不同方面问题的框架，其次，实践与理论同样重要，例如采取政治上和管理上的措施以反对高等教育中职务性别不平等现状。

来源：High Educ (2013) 66:173–188

DOI 10.1007/s10734-012-9597-1.