Hartman, Jane

Abstract: Purpose . The purpose of this study was to describe how four leadership behaviors--character, ability, reliability, and emotional intelligence--contribute to creating a culture of trust as demonstrated by elementary principals in International Baccalaureate Programmes.

Methodology . The research method used for this study was descriptive case study. It included both qualitative and quantitative data. The study utilized two methods of gathering data: (a) structured one-to-one interviews of six principals and six IB coordinators at Primary Years Programme schools in California, and (b) a 13-item questionnaire of 32 teachers at six Primary Years Programme schools in California.

Findings . Examination of quantitative and qualitative data from the six International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme Schools indicated that there is a relationship between trust levels and successful change implementation and that the principals' behaviors influence the level of principal-teacher and teacher-teacher trust.

Conclusions . The study data support the conclusion that trust impacts the success of the change initiative, and that the principal is key to building a culture of trust. All four of the CARE components--character, ability, reliability, and emotional intelligence--are useful in building trusting relationships; emotional intelligence has the greatest impact. An additional conclusion is that trust is fragile and can be eroded unless the leader is especially careful to be truthful and fair in all behaviors.

Recommendations . Further research is advised with populations in other states or countries, with different levels of public and private schools, and with schools undergoing different types of change initiatives, such as those in Program Improvement. A larger sample population and observational data would also provide additional data for generalization.

Key words: Education, Principal, Change, International baccalaureate, Elementary school, Trust

总 结：

1、本研究的目的是描述四种领导行为,性格,能力,可靠性和情商,有助于在国际学士学位项目创建一个信任文化。

2、本研究使用的研究方法是描述性案例研究。它既包括定性和定量数据。收集数据的研究利用两种方法:(a)对加州小学项目的六名校长和六名IB协调员进行结构化一对一访谈；(b)对加州小学项目学校的32名教师进行问卷调查。

3、测试的定量和定性数据显示，6个国际学士学位小学项目学校表示,有一个信任水平和成功的改变实现之间的关系和主体的行为影响主管教师水平和任教教师的信任。

4、研究数据支持这样的结论,相信影响变化是成功的开端,并且主要是建构文化信任的关键。其中所有四个因素：性格,能力,可靠性和情商,在建立信任关系时是有用的;情商有最大的影响。另一个结论是,信任是脆弱的和可以侵蚀的,除非领导人特别谨慎诚实，采取公平的行为。

5、进一步的研究建议：在其他州或国家人口,不同水平的公立和私立学校,与接受不同类型的变更计划的学校,如计划改进，大样本人口和观测数据还将提供额外的数据分析。

来源：University of La Verne. May 2009, ISBN: 9780549913467, 196p.