TAMURA Noriko

Abstract：In Brazil, there are three methods of selecting school principals. The first is designation, where the state and local governments freely indicate school principals. The second is election, where school staff, students, and parents can vote for school principals. The third is public recruitment (concurso publico), where school principals are selected by written examination and qualifications. This paper focuses on election and public recruitment and examines their characteristics from the perspective of democracy and professional certification for principals. Analysis makes it clear, first, that election is much more democratic than public recruitment. Second, however, when election is combined with other selection methods such as testing, certification, or both of them, it requires candidates with more specialized knowledge than election itself. Third, in election, the degree of reflection of the opinion of the school community is different depending on its usage in the selection process. Fourth, there are three patterns in the recruiting system of the board of directors: the first is that principals and vice-principals are selected independently; the second is where the selected principal chooses the vice-principal; and the third is where the principal and vice-principal are selected as one set.

摘要：在巴西，选取校长的方法有三种：第一种是指定的， 州和地方政府可以自由任命学校校长；二是从当地学校工作人员中选取学校校长，这可以通过学生和家长投票选举；三是公众 招聘，通过笔试和相应的资格才能被选举为校长。本文侧重分析选举与公开招聘，并从民主与专业角度探讨校长特性。分析得出：

第一，选举比公开招聘更为民主。

第二，当选举结合测试，资格认定等其它选举方法时，它要求被选举者有更多的专业知识。

第三，对于选举，学校团体的意见反应情况各不相同，这取决于其在遴选过程中的使用。

第四，有三 三种董事会的招聘制度的模式：独立选举校长和副校长，校长任命副校长，以及同时选举校长和副校长。

出处：《京都大学大学院教育学研究科紀要》2014年3月